Câu hỏi 24

Cách 1:

\(\begin{array}{l}
\lim \frac{{\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} - \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} }}{{2n - 1}} = \lim \frac{{\left( {\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} - \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} } \right).\left( {\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} + \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} } \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} + \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} } \right).(2n - 1)}}\\
= \lim \frac{{({n^2} - 3n - 5) - (9{n^2} + 3)}}{{\left( {\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} + \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} } \right).(2n - 1)}} = \lim \frac{{ - 8{n^2} - 3n - 8}}{{\left( {\sqrt {{n^2} - 3n - 5} + \sqrt {9{n^2} + 3} } \right).(2n - 1)}}\\
= \lim \frac{{ - 8 - \frac{3}{n} - \frac{8}{{{n^2}}}}}{{\left( {\sqrt {1 - \frac{3}{n} - \frac{5}{{{n^2}}}} + \sqrt {9 + \frac{3}{{{n^2}}}} } \right)\left( {2 - \frac{1}{n}} \right)}} = \frac{{ - 8}}{{4.2}} = - 1.
\end{array}\)

Cách 2: Chia cả tử và mẫu cho n.

\(\lim \frac{\sqrt{{{n}^{2}}-3n-5}-\sqrt{9{{n}^{2}}+3}}{2n-1}=\lim \frac{\sqrt{1-\frac{3}{n}-\frac{5}{{{n}^{2}}}}-\sqrt{9+\frac{3}{{{n}^{2}}}}}{2-\frac{1}{n}}=\lim \frac{1-3}{2}=-1\)

Chọn D.